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Blocked Ears: Is it just wax, or something worth checking?

Kimberley Bradshaw - Head of Marketing
Written By:
Kimberley Bradshaw

Head of Online Medical Content

Paul Harrison - Audiology Expert at Hearing Aid UK
Audiologically Reviewed By:
Paul Harrison

Audiology Expert

Updated: 8th April 2026
Updated and medically reviewed: 8th April 2026 in: Hearing Loss Awareness
What Is A Cholesteatoma 1

Why Are My Ears Blocked?

Causes, symptoms, and when to get help

 

Overview    |    What does it actually feel like?    |    The most common causes    |    When should you see a qualified audiologist?    |    Conclusion

 

Last Hearing Aid UK Update:  08 

Overview

That muffled, underwater feeling in your ears is hard to ignore. Whether it comes and goes or has been lingering for weeks, blocked ears are one of the most common ear complaints in the UK, and they are also one of the most frequently misunderstood.

The good news is that most cases of blocked ears are temporary and straightforward to address. The important thing is knowing when a blocked feeling might point to something worth investigating more carefully, including the possibility of hearing loss.

This article explains the most common causes of blocked ears, what the symptoms can tell you, when to see your local GP, and if a trip to an audiologist is needed after a referral.

 

What does it actually feel like?

The tricky thing about blocked ears is that the feeling is not always the same. Some people notice it straight away, others find it creeps up gradually. Here are some of the most common ways it tends to show up:

  • A muffled quality to sounds, as though someone has turned the volume down
  • A sensation of pressure or fullness in the ear
  • Sounds feeling slightly distorted or echoey
  • Your own voice sounding louder than usual when you speak
  • Intermittent or persistent ringing in the ears (known as tinnitus)
  • Difficulty following conversation, particularly in noisy environments

Blocked ears affect people of all ages, and most will experience them at some point in their lives.

 

The most common causes of blocked ears

Earwax build-up

Your ears actually do a pretty good job of looking after themselves. Earwax is part of that process. It is produced naturally to keep the ear canal clean, trapping dust, bacteria, and anything else that should not be in there.

For most people, the ear self-cleans without any help. However, some people produce more wax than usual, or use cotton buds in a way that pushes wax deeper into the canal, leading to a build-up that blocks sound from reaching the eardrum.

This is the single most common cause of blocked ears in adults and older adults, and it is entirely treatable. A qualified audiologist will be able to check for earwax using an otoscope (a small light used to look inside the ear canal) and can carry out earwax removal if needed.

Important:  A quick word on cotton buds. Despite being marketed for ear cleaning, they are not designed to go inside the ear canal and can actually compact wax rather than clear it. Ear candles are similarly best avoided. Leave it to the professionals; it is a much kinder option for your ears.

 

Congestion and colds

Ever notice your ears getting blocked up when you have a cold? That is your Eustachian tube at work, or rather, not working quite as it should.

This small channel, which runs between your middle ear and the back of your throat, can swell up when you are congested, stopping air from circulating properly and leaving you with that familiar sensation of pressure or fullness.

Most of the time, it resolves on its own as the congestion eases. Steam inhalation and a decongestant spray can help things along. But if your ears are still feeling blocked two to three weeks after the cold has gone, it is worth having them checked.

 

Pressure changes

Have you ever noticed your ears blocking when you are in a plane, driving up a steep hill, or taking a lift in a tall building? This is caused by a sudden change in air pressure that the Eustachian tube cannot equalise quickly enough. Swallowing, yawning, or the Valsalva manoeuvre usually resolves this within a few minutes.

 

Swimmer's ear

Water trapped in the ear canal after swimming or bathing can cause a temporary muffled sensation. Tilting your head to one side and gently pulling the earlobe can encourage the water to drain. Persistent moisture in the ear canal can occasionally lead to an outer ear infection (otitis externa), which may need medical attention if it does not clear up quickly.

 

A perforated eardrum

If your blocked ear came on suddenly after a loud bang, a nasty ear infection, or some kind of knock or impact, it is worth considering whether your eardrum might be involved. A perforated eardrum, which is simply a small hole or tear in the eardrum itself, can cause muffled hearing, a sense of pressure, or a little discharge from the ear.

It sounds worse than it often is, and many perforated eardrums heal on their own with time. That said, it is always worth getting a proper look from a GP, so you know exactly what you are dealing with.

 

When blocked ears might signal hearing loss

This is the part that many people overlook. Not all blocked ear sensations are caused by something sitting in the ear canal. In some cases, the feeling that sounds are muffled or distant is actually an early indicator of hearing loss.

Age-related hearing loss (known as presbycusis) tends to develop gradually, which means many people initially interpret it as their ears simply feeling "off" rather than recognising it as a change in their hearing.

The same is true of noise-induced hearing loss, which can creep up over time without any obvious trigger.

Some of the signals that a blocked feeling might be connected to hearing loss, rather than a temporary cause, include:

If these experiences sound familiar, a hearing test is the most straightforward way to get a clear picture of what is happening. A hearing test is painless, takes around 30 to 45 minutes, and will produce an audiogram showing exactly which sounds and frequencies you are hearing clearly and which you are not.

 

When should you see a qualified audiologist?

It is always worth seeking advice if:

  • Your ears have felt blocked for more than two to three weeks with no obvious cause
  • You have noticed any change in your hearing alongside the blocked feeling
  • You have tinnitus (ringing, buzzing, or humming in the ears)
  • You have any pain, discharge, or dizziness alongside the blockage
  • You have already seen your GP and want a thorough hearing assessment

A qualified, HCPC-registered audiologist will begin any appointment by carrying out an otoscopic examination, checking for wax or any other visible issues in the ear canal, before moving on to a full hearing assessment.

This means that whatever is causing your blocked ears, you will come away with a proper explanation and a clear next step.

 

Conclusion

Blocked ears are usually nothing to worry about, but they are worth taking seriously. Earwax, congestion, and pressure changes are the most common culprits, and most of these resolve with time or straightforward treatment.

What is worth bearing in mind is that a persistent muffled sensation, especially when it comes alongside difficulty following conversations or a change in how clearly you hear, can sometimes be an early sign of hearing loss. The sooner you get a proper assessment, the better your options and outcomes tend to be.

After you have been referred by your GP, a free hearing test with a qualified audiologist is the simplest first step. It takes less than an hour, involves no obligation, and could tell you everything you need to know.

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Not sure what is causing your blocked ears?

If your blocked ears have been bothering you and you're struggling to hear, after a referral from your GP, a free hearing test is the best place to start.

Our qualified, HCPC-registered audiologists are available across the UK, either at a clinic near you or in the comfort of your own home.

There is no charge, no commitment, and no pressure. Just clear, honest answers.

Book your free hearing test online or call us free on 0800 567 7621.

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Written by Kimberley Bradshaw

Meet Kimberley Bradshaw, Head of Online Medical Content

Kimberley Bradshaw started her love of content creation, as a freelancer for many well-established medical brands.  She has written about hearing healthcare for several UK and US online health and wellness publications since.  Connect with Kimberley on LinkedIn.

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Common FAQs about hearing aids and hearing loss

What is the best hearing aid model for me?

In general, any audiologist will always recommend to you the hearing aid model that best suits your needs. Here is a useful checklist to make sure that is the case.

  • Audiologist's level of knowledge: The audiologist you have seen will hopefully have a wide knowledge of all available hearing aids; however, some will only be familiar with a small number of brands and, therefore, may not really be in a position to know which model is the best for you. It is OK to challenge their recommendation and ask them to justify why this particular brand is the one for you.
  • Do research: Read about the hearing aid that was recommended. Does it seem like it will suit your lifestyle? Does it have more or fewer features than you need? 
  • Be aware of sales targets: Many high street retailers have specific tie-ins to a particular manufacturer/brand. The hearing aid they have suggested may still be the correct one for you, but do your research so that you know why they might have recommended it.
Do I need one hearing aid or two?

If you have significant hearing loss in both ears, you should be wearing two hearing aids. Here are the audiological reasons why:

Localisation: The brain decodes information from both ears and compares and contrasts them. By analysing the minuscule time delays as well as the difference in the loudness of each sound reaching the ears, the person is able to accurately locate a sound source. 

Simply put, if you have better hearing on one side than the other, you can't accurately tell what direction sounds are coming from.

Less amplification is required: A phenomenon known as “binaural summation” means that the hearing aids can be set at a lower and more natural volume setting than if you wore only one hearing aid.

Head shadow effect: High frequencies, the part of your hearing that gives clarity and meaning to speech sounds, cannot bend around your head. Only low frequencies can. Therefore, if someone is talking on your unaided side, you are likely to hear that they are speaking, but be unable to tell what they have said.

Noise reduction: The brain has its own built-in noise reduction, which is only really effective when it is receiving information from both ears. If only one ear is aided, even with the best hearing aid in the world, it will be difficult for you to hear in background noise as your brain is trying to retain all of the sounds (including background noise) rather than filtering them out.

Sound quality: We are designed to hear in stereo. Only hearing from one side sounds a lot less natural to us.

Fancy some further reading on this topic?  You can read about why two hearing aids are better than one in our article, hearing aids for Both Ears, here

What are the benefits of rechargeable hearing aids?

For most people, the main benefit of a rechargeable hearing aid is simple convenience. We are used to plugging in our phones and other devices overnight for them to charge up.  Here are some other pros and cons:

For anybody with poor dexterity or issues with their fingers, having a rechargeable aid makes a huge difference, as normal hearing aid batteries are quite small and some people find them fiddly to change.

One downside is that if you forget to charge your hearing aid, then it is a problem that can't be instantly fixed. For most, a 30-minute charge will get you at least two or three hours of hearing, but if you are the type of person who is likely to forget to plug them in regularly, then you're probably better off with standard batteries.

Rechargeable aids are also a little bit bigger and are only available in Behind-the-Ear models.

Finally, just like with a mobile phone, the amount of charge you get on day one is not going to be the same as you get a few years down the line. Be sure to ask what the policy is with the manufacturer's warranty when it comes to replacing the battery.

Are Behind-the-Ear hearing aids better than In-the-Ear hearing aids?

For most people, the answer is yes. But it's never that simple.

The majority of hearing problems affect the high frequencies a lot more than the low ones. Therefore, open fitting hearing aids sound a lot more natural and ones that block your ears up can make your own voice sound like you are talking with your head in a bucket. Therefore, in-ear aids tend to be less natural.

However, the true answer is we can't tell until we have had a look in your ears to assess the size of your ear canal, and until we have tested your hearing to see which frequencies are being affected.

People with wider ear canals tend to have more flexibility, also there are open fitting modular CIC hearing aids now that do not block your ears.

There is also the age-old rule to consider, that a hearing aid will not help you if it's sat in the drawer gathering dust. If the only hearing aid you would be happy wearing is one that people can't see, then that's what you should get.

Most people can adapt to any type of hearing aid, as long as they know what to expect. Have an honest conversation with your audiologist as to what your needs are.

What are channels, and how many do I need?

Generally speaking, six or more. Unless it's none at all.  The number of channels a hearing aid has is often a simplistic way an audiologist will use to explain why one hearing aid is better than another, but channels are complex, and it is really not that straightforward.  Here are some reasons why:

Hearing aids amplify sounds of different frequencies by different amounts. Most people have lost more high frequencies than low, and therefore need more amplification in the high frequencies. The range of sounds you hear is split into frequency bands or channels, and the hearing aids are set to provide the right amount of hearing at each frequency level.

Less than six channels, and this cannot be done with much accuracy, so six is the magic number. However, a six-channel aid is typically very basic with few other features and is suitable only for hearing a single speaker in a quiet room. The number of channels is not what you should be looking at; it's more the rest of the technology that comes with them.

As a final note, different manufacturers have different approaches. One method is not necessarily better than any other. For example, some manufacturers have as many as 64 channels in their top aids. Most tend to have between 17 and 20. One manufacturer has no channels at all.

What's covered in a manufacturer's warranty?​

Manufacturer's warranties typically last between 2-5 years, depending on the brand and model, and cover defects in materials and workmanship. This includes repairs for component failures, electronic malfunctions, and manufacturing defects, but excludes damage from misuse, accidents, or normal wear. Most manufacturers also include loss and damage insurance for the first year.

We handle all warranty claims on your behalf, liaising with manufacturers and ensuring you get replacement devices quickly when needed. This comprehensive warranty coverage, combined with our lifetime aftercare, gives you complete peace of mind.

How much does the hearing test cost?

Our hearing tests are completely free, whether at our clinics or in your home. Unlike other providers who charge £30-£100 for home visits, we believe hearing healthcare should be accessible without financial barriers. Our comprehensive assessments include examination by a registered audiologist, audiogram results, and personalised recommendations.

All testing, future adjustments, and ongoing support are included at no extra cost. While NHS tests are also free, typical 6-week waiting periods often lead people to seek immediate private testing. We provide prompt, professional assessments that fit your schedule and budget.

Do you offer home visits, and are they included in the price?

Yes, we offer completely free home visits throughout the UK, and this service is included in our prices with no additional charges. Home visits are particularly valuable for people with mobility issues, busy schedules, or those who simply prefer the comfort and convenience of their own environment.

Our audiologists can conduct full hearing tests, fit hearing aids, and provide ongoing support in your home.  This service sets us apart from many providers who either don't offer home visits or charge extra for them.

Why are your hearing aids cheaper than what I'd pay on the high street?

We can offer prices up to 40% lower than high street retailers because of our business model. As a network of 200+ independent audiologists, we don't have the massive overheads of large retail chains - no expensive high street premises, no sales targets pushing audiologists to sell the most expensive options, and no costly marketing campaigns.

However, we maintain the same buying power as the big chains because we purchase on behalf of our entire nationwide network. This means you get access to the same premium hearing aids with professional service, but at genuinely competitive prices.

How long do I have to try the hearing aids before committing to keep them?

We offer a comprehensive 60-day money-back guarantee, which gives you twice the industry standard time to properly assess whether your hearing aids are right for you. This extended period recognises that adjusting to hearing aids takes time, and your brain needs several weeks to adapt to the amplified sounds.

Unlike many providers who offer just 30 days, we believe 60 days gives you the confidence to test your hearing aids in all the situations that matter to you - from quiet conversations at home to busy restaurants and outdoor activities.

Need advice? Give our hearing aid experts a call for FREE

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