Skip to Content
Skip to Main Menu
Freephone Hearing Aid Advice
0800 567 7621
Book

A full guide to the parts and features of hearing aids and how they work

Kimberley Bradshaw - Head of Marketing
Written By:
Kimberley Bradshaw

Head of Online Medical Content

Paul Harrison - Audiology Expert at Hearing Aid UK
Audiologically Reviewed By:
Paul Harrison

Audiology Expert

Updated: 6th February 2026
Updated and medically reviewed: 6th February 2026 in: Hearing Aid Technology
Parts Of A Hearing Aid

Parts and Features of Hearing Aids and How They Work

Information about hearing aid technology to help you understand how your device works

 

Overview    |    What is inside your hearing aid?    |    Parts on the outside of your hearing aid   |    Daily care and upkeep    |    Conclusion 

 

Last Hearing Aid UK Update:  06

Overview

Hearing aids today are like advanced mini-computers made just for your ears. You don't need to be a tech expert to use them well, but knowing the basic parts of your device will help you keep it in good shape and figure out what's wrong when it breaks.

This guide uses Receiver-in-the-Ear (RITE) hearing aids as an example, which are also known as Receiver-in-Ear (RIE) or Receiver-in-Canal (RIC) models. These are the most common types of hearing aids on the market.

Custom hearing aids that fit completely inside the ear canal work in the same way, but all of their parts are housed in a single small unit. Do you know what style you have? Find out more about the different styles and types of hearing aids that are out there here.

 

What is inside your hearing aid?

The main body fits nicely behind your ear and is protected by a strong plastic case. This case protects the power source and three other important parts:

Microphone and chip for processing:  The microphone picks up sound from your surroundings and lets it in. Modern devices have advanced processing chips that can tell the difference between human speech and background noise. This makes it much easier to follow conversations in noisy places.

System for amplification:  When sound is picked up, it turns into electrical signals that are amplified based on your specific hearing loss profile. A qualified audiologist can only tell you what level of amplification you need after doing a full hearing test.

Compartment for batteries:  Depending on the model you choose, your hearing aid can run on either rechargeable or disposable batteries.

Other technology:  A telecoil (t-coil) is built into many devices. It makes it easier to hear in places with loop systems, like theatres, places of worship, and lecture halls.

 

Parts on the outside of your hearing aid

Shell of the house:  The protective case comes in a range of sizes and colours, including several skin tones to match your tastes. Different manufacturers and models have different sizes. Some devices fit completely inside the ear canal, so you can't see any parts on the outside.

These styles are discreet, but they aren't right for everyone because they depend on the type and severity of hearing loss. Your hearing care provider will tell you what the best option is for you.

Button or switch for control:  Most RITE hearing aids have a button that can be programmed by your audiologist. If you're not sure what your button does, make a quick appointment with your hearing care professional to find out. Some common functions are:

  • Changing between programs for the environment
  • Changing the volume levels
  • Turning certain features on or off

The wire that connects:  A thin wire with a plastic coating connects the main body to the speaker in your ear. This wire sends both power and audio signals that have been processed.

Unit for speaker and receiver:  Your hearing aid has to send the sound it picks up, processes, and amplifies into your ear canal after it has done all of that. The speaker, also known as the receiver, changes electrical signals back into sound waves that you can hear, which are specific to your hearing loss pattern. The speaker usually fits inside a dome or a custom earmold.

Dome attachments:  Domes usually work well for people with mild to moderate hearing loss, which is common as people get older. These little silicone pieces that look like bells or mushrooms attach to the end of the wire and sit in your ear canal.

There are different sizes to fit your unique ear shape, and your audiologist will make sure you get the right size. If the fit isn't right, sound will leak out, and there will be whistling feedback. This is why getting the right size is so important.

Taking care of a dome is easy; just wipe it down with a soft cloth every night and change the wax guards often. Check every day to make sure the domes are still securely attached and not showing any signs of wear. It's easy and cheap to get replacements.

Custom ear moulds:  Earmolds are made of plastic or acrylic and are custom-made from impressions of your ear to fit perfectly in your ear canal and concha bowl.

This tight seal is important for people with severe to profound hearing loss because they need the most amplification possible, and sound can't escape. If the fit is right, there won't be any feedback problems.

Most modern hearing aids work with smartphone apps that let you change settings and make your listening experience better for different situations.

 

Daily care and upkeep

Manufacturers say that you should clean things regularly. Every night, before putting your devices away, wipe them down with a soft, dry cloth. This keeps the microphone from getting dirty and keeps it working at its best.

Putting your device in a dehumidifier overnight will get rid of extra moisture and make it last longer. Take out your hearing aids before swimming or showering unless they are waterproof.

 

Why it's important to use it regularly

You can only get the most out of hearing aids if you wear them as directed. Keep in mind that hearing happens in the brain, not just in the ears. Using it regularly makes sure that your brain keeps getting the sound signals it needs to keep processing sounds.

Without consistent amplification, your brain may gradually lose its ability to interpret sounds effectively. If your devices hurt, make noise, or don't provide enough amplification, you should call your hearing healthcare professional right away. 

 

Conclusion

Knowing what the parts and features of your hearing aids do will help you get the most out of these high-tech devices. While they may contain advanced technology, the basics of care and maintenance are straightforward, such as regular cleaning, proper storage, and consistent daily use.

Hearing aids are worth the money because they help you stay in touch with people, enjoy entertainment, and move around your environment with confidence. If you learn how each part works, you'll be better able to find problems early and keep your devices running smoothly.

Remember that your hearing care professional is there to help you. If you have pain, problems with feedback, or less amplification, don't be afraid to get in touch. Regular follow-up appointments make sure that your hearing aids still meet your needs as they change.

Your hearing aids will last for many years if you take care of them and use them often. They will also keep your brain busy with the sounds that are most important to you.

Why Choose Us?

  • FREE Hearing Tests
  • Best Hearing Aids and Prices
  • FREE Aftercare for Life
  • FREE Home Visits
  • 200+ Local Audiologists
  • 60 Day Money Back Guarantee
Paul Harrison
Hearing Aid Advisor
Unlike most national retailers we are not owned by any manufacturer, this means we can offer the full choice of all makes and models of hearing aids

Are you ready to find the best hearing aid for you?

The first step is to know how hearing aids work. Our hearing care experts can help you find the best solution for your lifestyle and hearing needs, whether you're thinking about getting your first device or upgrading.

Do you already wear hearing aids but are looking to upgrade? Don't wait; call one of our hearing care professionals to get re-tested, get advice on the right solutions for you, and to make sure you're getting the best hearing experience possible.

►Click here to go to the top of the page

Call 0800 567 7621
- or -
We Can Call You
Request a Callback
A friendly member of our team will call you back.
Or We Can Call You
Please correct any validation errors.
* Unsubscribe at any time. See our Privacy Policy
protected by Badge reCAPTCHA
Written by Kimberley Bradshaw

Meet Kimberley Bradshaw, Head of Online Medical Content

Kimberley Bradshaw started her love of content creation, as a freelancer for many well-established medical brands.  She has written about hearing healthcare for several UK and US online health and wellness publications since.  Connect with Kimberley on LinkedIn.

Other hearing aid technology articles you might like...

Parts of a hearing aid Parts of a hearing aid
Hearing aids today are like advanced mini-computers made just for your ears. You don't need to be a tech expert to use them well, but knowing the basic parts of your device will help you keep it in go...
Read More
What hearing aid features do I actually need? What hearing aid features do I actually need?
If you've spent any time researching hearing aids, you've probably come across a bewildering array of features, technical specifications, and marketing claims. However, whilst modern hearing aids are...
Read More
Speech enhancement in hearing aids Speech enhancement in hearing aids
​Speech enhancement in hearing aids is the difference between hearing noise and understanding conversation. Learn how modern technology helps you follow speech in noisy environments and why it matte...
Read More
Total Number of Happy Customers

31041
Established Over 10 Years
Reviews.io
Rated: Excellent
Unbiased Hearing Aid Advice You Can Trust

Watch Phonak's video on how hearing aids work below

Our specialist service includes:

Free Independent, Impartial Advice
Free Aftercare for Life
Competitive Prices & National Support
60 day Money Back Guarantee - Risk Free
Over 200 Audiologists across the UK

Do not spend hundreds of pounds without getting a second opinion from us.

Please call us on 0800 567 7621

Quote Marks Not only are the prices great, but the service is fantastic! Many thanks to your team.
Jenny Smith - London
Verified Customer
reviews.io logo

What's included in our hearing aid prices?

Full Hearing Test & Examination by a Registered Audiologist
Fitting and Programming of Hearing Aid(s)
All Aftercare and Fine Tuning for Life
Full Manufacturer's Warranty
60 Day Full Money Back Guarantee

FAQs

What is the best hearing aid model for me?

In general, any audiologist will always recommend to you the hearing aid model that best suits your needs. Here is a useful checklist to make sure that is the case.

  • Audiologist's level of knowledge: The audiologist you have seen will hopefully have a wide knowledge of all available hearing aids; however, some will only be familiar with a small number of brands and, therefore, may not really be in a position to know which model is the best for you. It is OK to challenge their recommendation and ask them to justify why this particular brand is the one for you.
  • Do research: Read about the hearing aid that was recommended. Does it seem like it will suit your lifestyle? Does it have more or fewer features than you need? 
  • Be aware of sales targets: Many high street retailers have specific tie-ins to a particular manufacturer/brand. The hearing aid they have suggested may still be the correct one for you, but do your research so that you know why they might have recommended it.
Do I need one hearing aid or two?

If you have significant hearing loss in both ears, you should be wearing two hearing aids. Here are the audiological reasons why:

Localisation: The brain decodes information from both ears and compares and contrasts them. By analysing the minuscule time delays as well as the difference in the loudness of each sound reaching the ears, the person is able to accurately locate a sound source. 

Simply put, if you have better hearing on one side than the other, you can't accurately tell what direction sounds are coming from.

Less amplification is required: A phenomenon known as “binaural summation” means that the hearing aids can be set at a lower and more natural volume setting than if you wore only one hearing aid.

Head shadow effect: High frequencies, the part of your hearing that gives clarity and meaning to speech sounds, cannot bend around your head. Only low frequencies can. Therefore, if someone is talking on your unaided side, you are likely to hear that they are speaking, but be unable to tell what they have said.

Noise reduction: The brain has its own built-in noise reduction, which is only really effective when it is receiving information from both ears. If only one ear is aided, even with the best hearing aid in the world, it will be difficult for you to hear in background noise as your brain is trying to retain all of the sounds (including background noise) rather than filtering them out.

Sound quality: We are designed to hear in stereo. Only hearing from one side sounds a lot less natural to us.

Fancy some further reading on this topic?  You can read about why two hearing aids are better than one in our article, hearing aids for Both Ears, here

What are the benefits of rechargeable hearing aids?

For most people, the main benefit of a rechargeable hearing aid is simple convenience. We are used to plugging in our phones and other devices overnight for them to charge up.  Here are some other pros and cons:

For anybody with poor dexterity or issues with their fingers, having a rechargeable aid makes a huge difference, as normal hearing aid batteries are quite small and some people find them fiddly to change.

One downside is that if you forget to charge your hearing aid, then it is a problem that can't be instantly fixed. For most, a 30-minute charge will get you at least two or three hours of hearing, but if you are the type of person who is likely to forget to plug them in regularly, then you're probably better off with standard batteries.

Rechargeable aids are also a little bit bigger and are only available in Behind-the-Ear models.

Finally, just like with a mobile phone, the amount of charge you get on day one is not going to be the same as you get a few years down the line. Be sure to ask what the policy is with the manufacturer's warranty when it comes to replacing the battery.

Are Behind-the-Ear hearing aids better than In-the-Ear hearing aids?

For most people, the answer is yes. But it's never that simple.

The majority of hearing problems affect the high frequencies a lot more than the low ones. Therefore, open fitting hearing aids sound a lot more natural and ones that block your ears up can make your own voice sound like you are talking with your head in a bucket. Therefore, in-ear aids tend to be less natural.

However, the true answer is we can't tell until we have had a look in your ears to assess the size of your ear canal, and until we have tested your hearing to see which frequencies are being affected.

People with wider ear canals tend to have more flexibility, also there are open fitting modular CIC hearing aids now that do not block your ears.

There is also the age-old rule to consider, that a hearing aid will not help you if it's sat in the drawer gathering dust. If the only hearing aid you would be happy wearing is one that people can't see, then that's what you should get.

Most people can adapt to any type of hearing aid, as long as they know what to expect. Have an honest conversation with your audiologist as to what your needs are.

What are channels, and how many do I need?

Generally speaking, six or more. Unless it's none at all.  The number of channels a hearing aid has is often a simplistic way an audiologist will use to explain why one hearing aid is better than another, but channels are complex, and it is really not that straightforward.  Here are some reasons why:

Hearing aids amplify sounds of different frequencies by different amounts. Most people have lost more high frequencies than low, and therefore need more amplification in the high frequencies. The range of sounds you hear is split into frequency bands or channels, and the hearing aids are set to provide the right amount of hearing at each frequency level.

Less than six channels, and this cannot be done with much accuracy, so six is the magic number. However, a six-channel aid is typically very basic with few other features and is suitable only for hearing a single speaker in a quiet room. The number of channels is not what you should be looking at; it's more the rest of the technology that comes with them.

As a final note, different manufacturers have different approaches. One method is not necessarily better than any other. For example, some manufacturers have as many as 64 channels in their top aids. Most tend to have between 17 and 20. One manufacturer has no channels at all.

What's covered in a manufacturer's warranty?​

Manufacturer's warranties typically last between 2-5 years, depending on the brand and model, and cover defects in materials and workmanship. This includes repairs for component failures, electronic malfunctions, and manufacturing defects, but excludes damage from misuse, accidents, or normal wear. Most manufacturers also include loss and damage insurance for the first year.

We handle all warranty claims on your behalf, liaising with manufacturers and ensuring you get replacement devices quickly when needed. This comprehensive warranty coverage, combined with our lifetime aftercare, gives you complete peace of mind.

How much does the hearing test cost?

Our hearing tests are completely free, whether at our clinics or in your home. Unlike other providers who charge £30-£100 for home visits, we believe hearing healthcare should be accessible without financial barriers. Our comprehensive assessments include examination by a registered audiologist, audiogram results, and personalised recommendations.

All testing, future adjustments, and ongoing support are included at no extra cost. While NHS tests are also free, typical 6-week waiting periods often lead people to seek immediate private testing. We provide prompt, professional assessments that fit your schedule and budget.

Do you offer home visits, and are they included in the price?

Yes, we offer completely free home visits throughout the UK, and this service is included in our prices with no additional charges. Home visits are particularly valuable for people with mobility issues, busy schedules, or those who simply prefer the comfort and convenience of their own environment.

Our audiologists can conduct full hearing tests, fit hearing aids, and provide ongoing support in your home.  This service sets us apart from many providers who either don't offer home visits or charge extra for them.

Why are your hearing aids cheaper than what I'd pay on the high street?

We can offer prices up to 40% lower than high street retailers because of our business model. As a network of 200+ independent audiologists, we don't have the massive overheads of large retail chains - no expensive high street premises, no sales targets pushing audiologists to sell the most expensive options, and no costly marketing campaigns.

However, we maintain the same buying power as the big chains because we purchase on behalf of our entire nationwide network. This means you get access to the same premium hearing aids with professional service, but at genuinely competitive prices.

How long do I have to try the hearing aids before committing to keep them?

We offer a comprehensive 60-day money-back guarantee, which gives you twice the industry standard time to properly assess whether your hearing aids are right for you. This extended period recognises that adjusting to hearing aids takes time, and your brain needs several weeks to adapt to the amplified sounds.

Unlike many providers who offer just 30 days, we believe 60 days gives you the confidence to test your hearing aids in all the situations that matter to you - from quiet conversations at home to busy restaurants and outdoor activities.

Other pages you might find useful

Audiology Home Visits - For free in the UK
View Audiology Home Visits - For free in the UK
Best hearing aids available in the UK for 2026
View Best hearing aids available in the UK for 2026
Hearing Tests at Home in the UK for free
View Hearing Tests at Home in the UK for free
Need advice? Give our hearing aid experts a call for FREE

Ask the Experts

Please correct any validation errors.

Get free independent impartial advice from the experts you can trust. We offer nationwide coverage and huge savings on all our hearing aids.

Hearing Aid UK Ltd.
6 Morton Lane
Walkwood
Redditch
Worcestershire
B97 5QA
Download Free Guide calendar logo Book a Free Appointment

Thank you, we have added you to our newsletter list.

© Hearing Aid UK Ltd. 2026

Latest Launch

When we refer to a product as 'Latest Launch', we mean it is the latest to be released on the market.

Close

New

When we refer to a product as 'New', we mean that the product is the newest hearing aid model on the market.

Close
Superseded

When we refer to a product as 'Superseded', we mean that there is a newer range available which replaces and improves on this product.

Close

Older Model

When we refer to a product as an 'Older Model', we mean that it is has been superseded by at least two more recent hearing aid ranges.

Close